MARINE ICOSAHEDRAL MEMBRANE-CONTAINING dsDNA BACTERIOPHAGE PM2: VIRION STRUCTURE AND HOST CELL PENETRATION

Original publications This thesis is based on the following articles, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals. Purification and protein composition of PM2, the first lipid-containing bacterial virus to be isolated. Virology 262, 364-374. PM2 has a protein capsid surrounding a spherical proteinaceous lipid core. The PM2 virion has a novel organization with an internal membrane and pentameric receptor binding spikes. Nat Struct Mol Biol in press. ABBREVIATIONS ∆Ψ membrane voltage ∆p proton motive force ∆pH transmembrane pH difference σ standard deviation Ap ampicillin ATP adenosine triphosphate BMV brome mosaic virus bp base pair(s) C-carboxy-cfu colony forming unit(s) CM cytoplasmic membrane Da Dalton(s), 1 Da= 1.66×10-24 g DNA deoxyribonucleic acid ds-double stranded EDTA ethylenediamine-N,N,N'N'-tetraacetic acid EGTA ethyleneglycol-bis-N,N'-tetraacetic acid e electron EM electron microscopy GlcNAc N-acetylglucosamine GD gramicidin D gp gene product GTP guanosine triphosphate HK97 bacteriophage Hong Kong 97 kDa kilodalton(s) Km kanamycin LC lipid core(s) LPS lipopolysaccharide MOI multiplicity of infection MPa megapascal MS mass spectrometry MurNAc N-acetylmuramic acid N newton N-amino-nt nucleotide(s) OEL early left operon OER early right operon OL late operon OM outer membrane(s) ORF open reading frame(s) ORI origin of replication pac packaging recognition site PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis PBCV-1 Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus 1 PCB-phenyldicarbaundeca-borane PE phosphatidyletanolamine PEG polyethylene glycol pfu plaque forming unit(s) PG phosphatidylglycerol p.i. post infection pRNA prohead RNA RNA ribonucleic acid rRNA ribosomal RNA S sedimentation coefficient SAXS small angle X-ray scattering SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate ses SV40 encapsidation signal SFV Semliki Forest virus ss-single stranded STMV satellite tobacco mosaic virus SV40 Simian virus 40 T triangulation number TBSV tomato bushy stunt virus TMV tobacco mosaic virus TPP + tetraphenylphosphonium Å ångström, 1 Å=0.1 n